Clara Barton was born in Oxford, Massachusetts on Christmas Day, 1821. From 1836 until 1854 she taught school in Massachusetts and New Jersey. In 1854 she changed her career and moved to Washington, D.C. to become a clerk in the U.S. Patent Office.
When the Civil War broke out, she decided to contribute to the war effort by gathering and distributing needed supplies to wounded soldiers. At war's end, she compiled records to assist in the identification of missing troops. She was in Europe when the Franco-Prussian War began in 1870 and again she devoted herself to helping the wounded. At this time she became associated with the International Red Cross. Upon her return to the United States in 1873 she began a campaign to create a branch of
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