There were a few components that led to the unification of the GDR and the Federal Republic. Most of them began in 1989. In the summer of that year, thousands of East German "vacationers" in Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and other eastern bloc states escaped through holes in the iron curtain or pushed into West German embassies to demand free entry into their country. On September 10th, Hungary opened it's borders to Austria and 50,000 East Germans fled to the west. In the next 5 months, over 100,000 more fled. Millions demonstrated in Leipzig, Dresden, and East Berlin. Gorbachov refused to involve the Soviet Union. Between October and December the SED party had lost nearly one million members and Honecker was forced to resign. On November 9t
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