The effect of war on Germany had many long lasting problems. Not least the reparations that came from being defeated. However, a rather more pressing problem at the time was who was to blame for the defeat. In October 1918, the Kaiser was persuaded by his military high command to abdicate and to instead allow a democracy. This way, or so German officials thought, would allow the blame of defeat to be spread and not be solely on the Kaiser and the aristocracy. With the imminent reparations upon them also, it was thought that if they could be seen to be fighting the aristocracy, reparations would not be as harsh.
However, the nature of this revolution was hardly clear cut. An army general named Groener promised the army’s support for the
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