Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disease which can cause bouts of pain, damage to vital organs, and for some, death in childhood or early adulthood. Infants and young children with sickle cell disease are especially vulnerable to severe bacterial infections, such as those that cause meningitis and pneumonia. Sickle cell blocks circulation and can cause people to be less resistant to certain infections. It can also cause kidney failure, seizures, strokes, and sometimes death. An estimated one in twelve black worldwide carries the sickle cell trait, the chances are one in four that a child born to them will develop sickle-cell anemia.
Sickle cell anemia is caused by an abnormal type of hemoglobin called Hemoglobin S, or Hb
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