There are three general classes of graphic file formats: bitmap or raster, vector, and hybrid or meta. The decision about which file format to use is largely based upon the desired final output.
Bitmap (raster) files describe images as rows and columns of dots. The value of each dot (whether it is filled in or not) is stored in one or more bits of data. The more bits used to represent a dot, the more colors and shades of gray that can be represented. The density of the dots, known as resolution, determines how sharply the image is represented. This is often expressed in dots per inch (dpi).
Bitmap graphics have limited flexibility because they are resolution and device dependent. This is why bit-mapped graphics become ragged whe
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