Introduction
The Earth is kept warm by its atmosphere, which acts rather like a woolly coat—without it, the average surface temperature would be about—18 degrees Centigrade. Heat from the Sun passes through the atmosphere, warming it up, and most of it warms the surface of the planet. As the Earth warms up, it emits heat in the form of infra-red radiation. According to the National Academy of Science, the Earth’s surface temperature has risen by about 1 degree Fahrenheit in the past century, with accelerated warming during the past two decades. There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities. Human activities have altered the chemical composition of the atmosphere
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